Siemens-martin furnace.



K. ALBERT.

SIEMENS-MARTIN FURNACB.

APPLICATION FILED 13150.16, 1912.

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Kur( i Abert K. ALBERT.

SIEMENS-MARTIN PURNACE. APPLIGATION FILED 11130.10, 1912.

1,073,653. Patented s611123, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Sme/nio@ Kuri' Albert K. ALBERT.

SIEMENS-MARTIN FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED 9110.10, 1012.

Patented Sept. 23, 1913 3 'SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Kurt Albert Wit/neem a@ Jim.

KURT ALBERT, OF WIESBADEN, GERMANY.

n titte@ tl tti-.mtl i SIEMENS-MARTIN FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 23, 1913.

Application filed December 16, 1912. Serial No. 737,110.

To (tf/Z whom. if muy conm/a1.:

Be it known that l, Kun'r Annnn'r, a. citizen of Germany, and a subject o't the King ot' Prussia and Emperor ot Germany.` residing at llViesloaden, in the Kingdom ot lru'ssia and Empire of Germany, have invented new 'and use'lulv Improvements in Siemens- Martin Furnaces, of which the following is a speeitication.

My invention relates to furnaces for working up materials containing not only iron or ferrie oxid but also volatile metals, the purpose being to recover the volatile metals in addition to manufacturing the iron.

lVhen it is desired to work up materials containing both iron or lerric oxid and, in addition, volatile met als such as galvanized iron, zinkiterons ealcined p vrltes and the like, and simultaneously to obtain not only a high-quality iron, but also the volatile metals as such or as their oxids, the turnace requisite 'for this purpose must be capable of developing the degree of heat which is necessary tor the usual Siemens-lilartin process, and which can only be obtained by means of the chamber system. 1*)uring the first period et the operation ot the 'turnace, when the volatile metals, either in the 'torni of metals or their oxids, are eliminated, the waste gases or those leaving), the hearthcharnber and containing sneh metals or their oxids, must not pass through the chambers of an ordinary Siemens-Mart in furnace because the chambers would in a very short. time become more or less choked up and consequently either impair the win-kingl of the furnace or cause the complete stoppage ot' the smelting process.

, The primary object of my invention is to provide an improvetfl furnace lor working` up such materials so constructed asto avoid the passage ot' the waste gases through the chambers ot' the 'furnace and which nevertheless enables the waste gases to he utilized during the volatilization period. l attain this end by means of a furnace which, like the Siemens-Martin furnace, has chambers for prelilnimirily heating the aii and gas, but is so arranged that the. eembirstion gases are able to pass through suitable, readily cleaned lues, chambers or other heat-recovering apparatus.

Several forms oit my improved furnace are represented by way ot example in the accoinlinmyingdrawings, wherein:

Figure l is a side elevation, partly in section, showingl a furnace embodying one form otl my invention; Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof; Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section showing another term of the invention; Fig. -lis a horixontal section of the form shown in Fig. 3; Figs. 5 and 6 are similar views, respectively, showing still another form.

ln the torni ot my improved furnace sho-wn in Figs. It and Q the waste gases are utilized by .means olf a recuperator. Hence even during` the period when the gases are charged with vapors arising from the said metals or their oxids, the air for combustion is preiiininarily heatfal, according to my invention. to such a temperature that a sutlieiently high temperature is obtained in the furnace.

ln the torni shown in Figs. l and 2, F is a 't'urnaee ot the known open hearth type, which has the hearth room ll arranged in the usual manner near the top thereof.

muc-ath this hearth ll the usual Siemens chan-.lans are arrainrjcd -oif which the inner pair l. li serve 'for heating the air to be lied to the hearth while the outer pair li. lil serre l'or heating the combustible gas before its` entrance to the hearth. The channels l'or .ejuidingr the combustible gas to the chambers K, K* and also the channels tor l:raiding air directly to the air chainbers li. l are arranged in the usual known `manner and tlnn'el'ore are not shown in the drawings. {"lnes (f, a." arranged in the hriclquorl; ol' the l'urnaf-.e F connect. the hearth room ll with the right and lett hand far-1 chainlwrs K. n'" and correspondingl llurs o?, n" lead `l'roln .said hearth room to the right and lett hand air chambers K, K3. rl`he tour chambers lil, li2 and li, K are connected by conduits l and l (see Fig. 2) with a main tlm` t) leading to a smoke stack not shown. i\ damper S olf any known construction which may be operated trom the outside is. arranged in the main tlue l). From the lcl't hand tlnc a" another flue c ln-anclns oli which leads to a reeuperaton lt ot any known construction and containing channels tor the gases ol' combustion eonung troni theA hearth Il, and other chanv is arranged in the channel or flue c. A con* l of dust chambers and filtration.

duit'e leading from the air channels of the Vreeuperator R terminates in a channel f which conducts the air directly from the recuperator R to the hearth H. `Another conduit'g branches off from said conduit e and leads to the right hand 'air chamber K2. 'A damper p in the conduit f controls communication between said conduit f and the conduit e, duct f terminates in the duct f which extends vertically upward and opens into air flue a2 whereas duct g opens into air chamber K2.

When the furnace is Working normally the gases from the hearth-chamber H pass alternately through the right hand and left hand lues at, a and the air-chambers K4 and gas-chambers K1 and the main flue b to the smoke stack in the usual well known manner. Duringthe volatilization of the metals in question the flue b is closed by the damper S and the waste gases fiow from the hearth-chamber H through the left flue a3 and conduit c to the recuperator R, the necessary draft in the recuperator being vproduced by the fan arranged at the- Hue c' and not shown.

rIhe air entering through the conduit o and preliminarily heated in the recuperator It passes through the flue to the hearth H either directlyT by way of the flue f, or first by wayA of the flue g to the right aim chamber K2, where it is heated more highly and thence passes to the hearth where it is used for the combustion the volatilized metals or oxids may be recovered from the waste gases in the known manner by means 0 e. Schnabel, Handbuch der Mettillljtcuttegmmde, second edition,Berlin, 1904,p.289 if.) rIhe preliminary heating of the air for combustion by a rccuperator does not suffice, however, for producing the temperature re-I quired in the Siemens-Martin furnace, whereby the process of volatilization is, of course, protracted. If the air preliminarily heated in the recuperator is conducted through one air-chamber only for heating it still more, this air-chamber -is considerably cooled as the period of removing the volatile metals is a multiple of the time in which a Siemens-Martin furnace Working normally is reversed and the air is caused to go through the other chamber inorder to reheat the first chamber. d The cooling of the Lorente charge and nevertheless in each phase of of the duration of the volatilization of the metals and also of the subsequent Mart-in process, and thus a coiisiderable prolongation of the entire charge. If it is wishedto obvi-ate this prolongation of the 'duration of charge and nevertheless in each 'phase of the process to obtain the high preliminary heating of the air for combustion requisite for obtaining'a hot llame, I preferably provide the Siemens-Martin furnace with two pairs of air-chambers, which enable different modes of working aszdesired, instead of providing a recuperator.

In Figs. 3 to 6 two forms of such a Siemens-Martin furnacev with two pairs of air chambers are illustrated;- Referring firstto the form shown in Figs. 3 and the fur-- nace F is of the same type as vthat shown in Figs. l and 2 Iand has the hearth arranged in a similar manner, The ordinary or usual: air-chambers J,i J are also ar-vp' ranged as 1n the example shown 1nA F1g. 1

beneath the hearth Beside. saidfusual L, L is provided. The gas chambers G air chambers a second pair of air chambers and G arranged in the usual manner are situated at the side of said auxiliaryair chambers L and L. Each of the tluesa coming from the hearth room H forks ctt into two iues a2 and at which lead to the auxiliary air chambers L, L and to the usual air chambers J, J respectively. Conduits Z2 (see Fig. et) connect the right and left hand auxiliary chambers L and L with the main flue b leading to the smoke stack, whereas conduits Z coming from the usual air chambers J, J open into said conduits Z2. rIhe gas chambers G, G" are contnected with the mainv flue b by channels .Z as usual. All of these conduits or channels :32, Z3, and Z4 contain dempers Sz to spectively So that each channel may he opened and closed separately. a

In the use of such a furnace one pau.' ,f

only of air chambers is constantly used until they become stopped up, which takesv place quite gradually and is distinctly perceived beforehand owing to the diminished draft in the furnace, whereupon the other pair which have been cleaned in the meantime and fettled afresh are started working while the pair now cut out are restablishe again; Or the two lpairs of air-chambers may be used continuously during the' same process, the one L, L being used for the volatilization period of the metals and the other J, J for the normal working of the furnace. In order to perform these different modes of working it is only necessary to open or close the corresponding dampers S1 to S5 in the conduits Z2 to Z4. During the normal Working of the furnace when the air-chambers J, J are used, the dampers S1, S3,YS4V and S6 for the cham'- bers J, J and Gr, G' are open, While the dampers S2 and S5 for the chambers L, L are closed. During the volatilization period, When air for combustion and combustible gas is conducted, for example, throughthe right-hand side to the furnace, the dampers S2, S5 and Ss must be open, and after the reversal the dampers S1, S2 and S5 willv be open and the remainder closed.

The form o f the furnace illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 very nearly resembles thatjust described, but the auxiliary air chambers M, M here are not arranged under t-he hearth H but laterally the cof. Each auX- iliary air chamber here is ivided into tiues by means oi partitions m terminating below the entrance opening of the flues a into said chambers M, M and these entrance openings may be closed lby dampers r, r. This arrangement, provides for cleaning of said auxiliary air chambers while the furnace is working, which can be done by closing the dampers r and r, While the Waste gases are passing through the chambers G and J or 'G' and J.

I claim as my invention: i 1. In an lmproved Siemens-lVIaI-tin turf nace for working up masses containing iron or ferrie oxid and volatile metals, the combination with a hearth chamber, air chambers and gas chambers, flues connecting the air chambers and the gas chambers with the hearth chamber of additional independent iiues leading from the hearth chamber, means Yfor guiding the gases of combustion through said additional flues during the volatilization period of the volatile metals and a recuperator charged gases.

2. In an improved Siemens-Martin furnace for working up masses containing iron or ferrie oxid and volatile metals, the combination with a hearth chamber, air cham* bers and gas chambers, flues connecting the air chambers and the gas chambers with the hearth chamber; of an easily accessible recuperator, a flue `for the Waste gases, an air fiue connecting said recuperator with the hearth chamber, and means' for guiding the gases of combustion containing the volatile metals through said recuperator.

3. In an improved Siemens-Martin furnace for working up masses containing iron or ferrie oxid and volatile metals, the combination with a hearth chamber, air chambers and gas chambers, lues connecting the air chambers and the gas chambers with the hearth chamber; of additional independent chambers, flues connecting said additional chambers with thel hearth chamber, and means for guiding the gases of combustion for receiving the disthrough said additional chambers during the volatilization period of the volatile metals. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

KURT ALBERT.

Witnesses:

HERMAN Pmsouas, MARIO MENKE. 

